ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช / ื“ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' – ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื—

ืžื‘ื•ื-ืจืงืข ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ื“ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'

ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืคื•ื—, ื”ืขืœื‘ื•ืŸ, ื”ืขืฆื‘ ื•ื”ืคืฆื™ืขื” ื”ื ืคืฉื™ืช, ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืžื’ืข ืขื ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื ื›ืจ โ€“ ืžื•ืฆืืช ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื”ืœื™ืจื™, ื”ืื™ืฉื™, ื‘ืฉื™ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'. ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืจื™ืืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืชื™ , ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืงืคื—.

ื‘ืฉื™ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ', ื”ืžืงื•ืคื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื” ืจื›ื”, ื•ื”ืžืงืคื— ื”ื•ื ืื‘ื™ื”. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื™ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืจื—ื‘ ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืงื™ืคื•ื— ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ. "ื”ืื ื™" ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื™ื”, ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื” ืžืงื•ืคื—ืช, ื•ื”ืžืงืคื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืื• ื”ืื”ื•ื‘, ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืื‘ืช ืขืœ ืื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ืขืœ ืื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืฉืืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”ย  ืื• ืขืœ ืื™ ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื•ื›ื•'. ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ืžืงืคื— ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜, ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืงื•ื ืงืจื˜ื™, ืื™ื ื• ืžืคื•ืจืฉ. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื›ืžืงื•ืคื—ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืคื•ื— ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช โ€“ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื•ืœื™ ืื™ืŸ โ€“ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื™ืช ืžืขื™ืงืจื”.

ื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ โ€“ ืกื•ื ื˜ื”

ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช โ€“ ื ืงืจืืช ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื’ื "ืฉื™ืจ ื–ื”"ื‘". ื–ื”"ื‘ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื” โ€“ 14. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื•ืจื•ืช.

ืกื•ื ื˜ื” โ€“ ืฉื™ืจ ืœื™ืจื™ ืžืจื•ื›ื– ื•ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง, ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืื” ื”- 13 . ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื•ื’ื” (ื–'ืื ืจ) ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช, ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืง ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจื” ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช ื–ื•. ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื”ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื”ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ืื”ื‘ื”, ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื ืคืฉ, ื”ืงืจื‘ื”, ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื›ื•'.

ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื˜ื•ืจื™ื (ืฉื•ืจื•ืช) ื”ื™ื ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื‘ืชื™ื: ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื˜ื•ืจื™ื (ืฉื•ืจื•ืช) ย ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ , ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื–ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื "ืงื•ื•ืืจื˜ื˜" ( ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ 4 ), ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื ืงืจืื™ื โ€“ ืื•ืงื˜ื˜ ย ( ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ 8 ). ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื˜ื•ืจื™ื (ืฉื•ืจื•ืช) ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื˜ืจืฆื˜ ( ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ 3 ) ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื ืงืจืื™ื โ€“ ืกืกื˜ื˜ ( ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ 6 ).

ืฉื ื™ ื”ืงื•ื•ืืจื˜ื˜ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื, ื‘ื“"ื›, ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ื˜ืจืฆื˜ื™ื โ€“ ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื, ื‘ื“"ื›, ย ืืช ื”ืžืกืงื ื”, ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืื• ื”ื”ืคืชืขื”. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื˜ืจืฆื˜ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื.ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืจื™ื (ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช) ื”ืชื’ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื. ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื”ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจื™ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ , ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืž- 4,4,4, 2 . ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’, ืœืžืฉืœ , ื›ืชื‘ื” "ืกื•ื ื˜ื•ืช ืงืฆื•ืฆื•ืช", ืื• "ืฉื™ืจื™ ืื”ื‘"ื”", ืฉื‘ื”ื ืจืง 13 ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ("ืื”ื‘"ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื” โ€“ 13 ):4, 4, 3, 2.

ื“ื’ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื–ื” ื”ืงืœืืกื™: ื ื‘ ื‘ ื,ย  ื ื‘ ื‘ ื,ย  ื’ ื“ ื’,ย  ื“ ื’ ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืจื™ื–ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื ื‘ ื ื‘,ย  ื ื‘ ื ื‘,ย  ื’ ื’ ื“,ย  ื” ื” ื“ย ย  ื•ื›ื•'.

ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” โ€“ ื“ืื ื˜ื” ื•ืคื˜ืจืจืงื” ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” โ€“ ื‘ืžืื” ื”- 14 . ืฉืงืกืคื™ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื›- 150 ืกื•ื ื˜ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช โ€“ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื โ€“ ืขื™ืžื ื•ืืœ ื”ืจื•ืžื™ ( ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ). ื‘ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” โ€“ ื˜ืฉืจื ื™ื—ื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ืคื™ื›ืžืŸ, ืœืื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’, ื•ื‘"ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื”" โ€“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื™ื—ื™, ื“ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื•ืขื•ื“.

ืฆื•ืจื” ื•ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช"

ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื›ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ืงืœืืกื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ื” ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ืจืจืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืฉื›ื•ื‘ืœืช ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ื›ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ โ€“ ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืชืœื, ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื›ื•'. ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื”: ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื‘ื•ื—ืจืช ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื›ืกื•ื ื˜ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงืœืืกื™ืช โ€“ ืœืžืฉืœ ืชื™ืื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆืคื•ื™.

ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช

ื‘ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื”ืงืœืืกื™ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื”ื”ื•ืœืžืช ืืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื” ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ื™ื. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• โ€“ ื”ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืกืžืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืืžืฆืขื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื™ื โ€“ ืžื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงื•ืœื—ืช ื•ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช, ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืžืžืฉ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ื™ื ืืฃ ืžืชืงืจื‘ืช ืืœ ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื” (ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”) ื”ืžืงืจืื™ืช โ€“ "ื›ืžื• ื–ืžื•ืจื” ื—ื‘ื•ืœื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืงื ื•ืงื ืช" โ€“ ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืฆื˜ืขืฆืขืช, ืื™ื ื” ืžืชืงืฉื˜ืช ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื”.ย ื‘ื›ืš ืžืฉืœื‘ืช ื“ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'ย ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ื‘ืขื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ื”ืžืื•ืคืงืช.

ืฉื ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื•

ื”ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช" ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉื ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื: "ื‘ื•ื‘ื”", ื•"ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช".

ื‘ื•ื‘ื” – ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื โ€“ ื”ืื ืฉื”. ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื”, ืžืื›ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื” ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉ. ื•ื›ืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฉื ื ื•ืฆืจืช ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืื ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืงื•ืจื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื”ืคืš โ€“ ื”ืื“ืย  (ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ) ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆื, ืฉืœ ื—ืคืฅ ( "ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช" ).

ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช โ€“ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฆืขืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื™ื , ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืงืคื™ืฅ ืื• ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ืฉืžืœื™ ( ืกื•ืœืœื•ืช ), ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ ืžืกืžืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ โ€“ ื”ืžื ื•ื›ืจ, ืฉื‘ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœ ื”ืื“ื ื›ืืœ ื—ืคืฅ, ื•ืœื ื›ืืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื—ื™, ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ.

ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื›ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื™ืช-ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื”: "ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช". ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืžืœ ืœื—ื™ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ, ืœื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช.

ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืžื™ื˜ืฉื˜ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืžืœื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™. ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.

ืขื“ ื›ื” ื”ืชืžืงื“ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ "ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช" ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช". ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืคื” ื‘ื•ื‘ื”.ย  ื”ืžืœื” "ื‘ื•ื‘ื”" ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ

ื™ืœื“ื•ืช, ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช, ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืคื™. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื’ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื–ื•ื™ืฃ ( ื™ืœื“ื” ื™ืคื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืžื—ืžืื”. ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ื™ื•ืคื™ ื‘ื•ื‘ืชื™ โ€“ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ). ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืกืžืœ ืœื™ื•ืคื™ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื›ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ( ืื• ื›ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืค ) ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืฉื™.

ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืคื•ื›ื•: ื’ื ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืคื™ ื ืฉื™ ( ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืชื™ืื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ) ื•ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืงืกื•ื, ื•ื’ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ื™, ื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื โ€“ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช". ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ( ื”ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™ืช ) ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืจ.

ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื + ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืืžื ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช

ื‘ื™ืช ื'

ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช โ€“ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื”. ื–ืžืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™. ื”ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ืคื—ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื”", ืฉื•ืœื— ืœืงื•ืจื ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃโ€“ ืœืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ: "ืžื” ื ืฉืชื ื” ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื•ืช?" (ืืจืžื–). ื–ื”ื• ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ โ€“ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ื‘ืื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคื•ืš: ื™ืฉ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื‘ืจื•ืชื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื•ืคื ื™ื:

  1. ืื ื ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืกืžืœ ืœื™ื•ืคื™, ืœืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื•ืช, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื” ื•ืฉืžืืœื” ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืกืžืœ ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืงืฆืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• โ€“ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช, ืฉืื– ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื›ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืจืฉ ื›ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื, ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” โ€“ ืืฃ ืื ื™ืชืงื ื• ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื”.
  2. ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ืจื•ืข ื˜ืจืื•ืžื˜ื™ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื•ืฉื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื”.
  3. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช, ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช ืกืžืœ ืœื›ืคื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืคืจื˜, ืกืžืœ ืœื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ืช (ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช) โ€“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื›ืื“ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” โ€“ ืืš ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื›ืš. ื”ื™ื ื—ืจื’ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช, ืžืŸ ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช โ€“ ืคื ืชื” ื™ืžื™ื ื” ื•ืฉืžืืœื”, ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื โ€“ ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื™ื ื ืฉื‘ืจื”. ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืจื•ื’ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ.

"ื•ื ืคืœืชื™ ืืคื™ื™ื ืืจืฆื”" โ€“ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื. ืื•ืœื™ ืžืขื™ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื’ื•ืจืœื”. (ืืจืžื– ืžืงืจืื™).

"ื ืฉื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืฉื‘ืจื™ื" โ€“ ื—ื–ืจื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉ-ื‘-ืจ ืœืฉื ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื•ื”ืขืฆืžื”. ืฉื‘ืจื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืื ื›ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ื•ืคืœืช, ื ืฉื‘ืจืช ืœืฉื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืคื” ืขืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช.

"ื•ื ื™ืกื• ืœืื—ื•ืช ืืช ืฉื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื“ ืžื™ื•ืžื ืช" โ€“ ืœื ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืžื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืคื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืกืชืžื™, ื•ื–ื” ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืจื™ื—ื•ืง โ€“ "ื”ื" ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื ืกืชืจื™ื ื•ืกืชืžื™ื™ื โ€“ ืื‘ืœ "ื”ื" ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื•ื—, ื•"ื”ื" ืืœื” ืฉื—ื•ืจืฆื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื”.

ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจ ืคืชื•ื— ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื• ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ, ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืžืชืืจืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื•ืชื” โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืžื™ื”ื ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื โ€“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, "ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ืขืฆืžื โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืืคืฉืจื™.

ื‘ื™ืช ื‘'

ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืžื“ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• โ€“ ืžืื‘ื“ ื›ืœ ืขืจืš. ืื“ื ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืื•ื—ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ โ€“ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื”.

ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช, ื”ื™ื ืœืžื“ื” ืืช ื”ืœืงื— ืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื ืกื” ืœื—ืจื•ื’ ืžืžืกืœื•ืœื”. ื›ืœ ืžื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืงื•ืœ ื•ืฆื™ื™ืชื ื™. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžื ื”, ื”ื™ื ืฉืงื•ืœื” ื•ืฆื™ื™ืชื ื™ืช ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืชืžืจื“ ืขื•ื“ โ€“ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื’ ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ืกื•ื’ ื‘', ืคื’ื•ืžื”, ื—ืกืจืช ืขืจืš, ื•ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื ืฃ ืงื˜ื•ืข ื”ืชืœื•ื™ ืขืœ ื‘ืœื™ืžื”. ื“ื™ืžื•ื™:"ื›ืžื• ื–ืžื•ืจื” ื—ื‘ื•ืœื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืงื ื•ืงื ืช" โ€“ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจืช ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ืžื— โ€“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžื—ืฉืช ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ื—ื™ ืฉืœื”. (ืงื ื•ืงื ืช โ€“ ืขื ืฃ ื“ืง ืžืกืชืœืกืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืžื˜ืคืกื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื“ืจ ื•ื›ื•'.)

"ื–ืžื•ืจื” ื—ื‘ื•ืœื”" โ€“ ื–ืžื•ืจื” โ€“ ืขื ืฃ. ื—ื‘ื•ืœื” โ€“ ืฉื ื—ื‘ืœื”, ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžื›ื”, ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื ืœืžืœื” "ื—ื‘ื•ืœื”" ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช โ€“ ืžืžื•ืฉื›ื ืช, ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ืช (ืืจืžื– ืžืงืจืื™). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ืœื ืจืง ืžื•ื›ื”, ืืœื ื’ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื”. ื”ื™ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื” ืืช ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื” ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื”.

ย 

ื‘ื™ืช ื’'

ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืœื ืฉืฃ โ€“ ื•ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืกื™ื ื“ืจืœื” (ืืจืžื–). ืื‘ืœ ื”ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืคื•ื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘. ืกื™ื ื“ืจืœื”, ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืคื—ืช, ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื ืฉืฃ ื”ืžื—ื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืชื’ืฉืžื•, ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืชื” ืœืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืขืœ ืกื‘ืœื”. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืคื” โ€“ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช "ื–ื•ื›ื”" ืœืื›ื–ื‘ื” ื•ืžืคื— ื ืคืฉ. ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” "ืœืจืงื•ื“" โ€“ ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื ืฉืฃ. ืฉื•ื‘ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืกืชืžื™ื™ื, ืœื ืžืคื•ืจืฉื™ื, ื”ื ื™ื—ื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ื—ืชื•ืœื™ื ื•ื›ืœื‘ื™ื โ€“ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื ื˜ื’ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื (ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื, ืขื•ื™ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”), ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžืื‘ืง, ื”ื ืจื•ื“ืคื™ื ื–ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื–ื”, ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื”ื•ืžื” ื•ื“ื™ืกื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื”, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” โ€“ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ืœื ื ืขื™ืžื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืฆื™ืคืชื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื•ืจ, ืœืฉืžื—ื”, ืœื ืฉืฃ ืžื—ื•ืœื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื–ื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ืขื•ื ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ื•ืœืžื”. ื”ืœื ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ื™ื” ื”ื™ื• ืžื“ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืงืฆื•ื‘ื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื ื ื”ื’ื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฆื™ืคื• ืžืžื ื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” "ื™ืœื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”" โ€“ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืขื ื™ืฉื• ืื•ืชื”? ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื ืขื• ืžืžื ื” ื”ื ืื”? ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื•ืœ, ืฉืœ ืงื™ืคื•ื—.

ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืชื•ืœื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฆื•ืจื•ืช:

1.ย ย ย ย ย  ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืชื•ืœื™ื ืžืกืžืœื™ื ื“ื™ืกื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืฉืœื•ืงื” ื‘ืฉื ืื” ื•ื‘ืžืื‘ืง.

2.ย ย ย ย ย  ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืคื” ื”ืฉืœื›ื”ย ื”ืฉืœื›ื”ย ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ืคืฉื” ืคื ื™ืžื”: ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืžื” ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื ืฉืฃ ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ืขื” ื•ืฉืกื•ืขื” ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื, ื‘ื” ืขืฆืžื” ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื™ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”. ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆืคื™ื ืžืžื ื”, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ืช, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืžื”, ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช , ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆืคื™ื ืžืžื ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’.

ย 

ื‘ื™ืช ื“'

ืคื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืชื™ืื•ืจื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื”, ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื’ื ืœื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื•ื’ื ืœื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืงื ืช. ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืชื•ืื ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืงื•ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื‘ื•ื‘ื”".

ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื”, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืคื” โ€“ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคื•ืš. ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” โ€“ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื.

ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืคื•ื— ื•ืื™ ื”ืฆื“ืง ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœื”. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ืื•ืจื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ืกื™ื•ื โ€“ ืชื™ืื•ืจ, ื”ื”ื•ืœื ืืช ืกื˜ื™ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืค ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ โ€“ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืžื—ืื” ืฉืœื” ื•ืืช ืื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืœืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืœื”: ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœื ืฉืฃ ื”ืžื—ื•ืœื•ืช? ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืคื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืืฆืœื™ ื”ืชืื™ื ืœืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžื ื™ โ€“ ืฉืขืจ ื–ื”ื‘, ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื›ื—ื•ืœื•ืช, ืฉืžืœื” ืคืจื—ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื™ืคื”, ื›ื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ืฉื˜ โ€“ ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื โ€“ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื ื”ื’ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืงื•ืœ ื•ืฆื™ื™ืชื ื™ – ย ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื™?

ื”ืกื™ื•ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉืงื˜, ืื‘ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืžืžื ื• ื–ืขืงื”: ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื™ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ื™ื’ื”, ื‘ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืžื ืกื”?

ืืช ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื:

  1. ืืฉืžืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”: ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืงืจื”, ื–ืจื” ื•ืžืชื ื›ืจืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื ื•ืงืžืช ื•ื ื•ื˜ืจืช. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™, ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ ื•ืœื—ืจื•ื’ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช, ืžืŸ ื”ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื” ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื‘ืจื” ืืช ืจื•ื—ื” ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช, ื‘ื›ืžื™ื”ืชื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื ื›ื ืขื” ืœื”, ื—ื“ืœื” ืœื”ืชืžืจื“, ื•ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืงื•ืœ ื•ืฆื™ื™ืชื ื™. ื•ืื•ืœื ื’ื ืื– ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื” โ€“ ืื ืžืชื•ืš ื ืงืžื ื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืกืœื—ื• ืœื” ืขืœ ืžืจื™ื“ืชื” ืžืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืื ืžืชื•ืš ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื”. ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื–ื”ื• ื’ื•ืจืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื โ€“ ืžื” ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื”, ืื™ืš ืฉืœื ื™ื ื”ื’ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืขื“ ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจืช ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื–ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื, ืืœื ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืœื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”: ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื—ื•ื™ื”, ืœื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช, ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื‘ืชืœื. ืžื” ืฉืœื ืชืขืฉื” โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ.

ย 

ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื‘ืงื™ืคื•ื—ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืคื” ืขืœ ืงื™ืคื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืื™ืฉื”: ื›ืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืชืขืฉื” โ€“ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงืคื— ืื•ืชื”.

ืืฉืžืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื•ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ื ืคืฉื” ืคื ื™ืžื”

ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืจืฆืชื” ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช,ย  ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื”. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ืจ ืจืฆืชื” ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื". ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื”, ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ืกืชื›ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื”, ืฉื™ื•ืคื™ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœื” ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื ืช, ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชื™ื™ืš, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ. ืฉื ื™ ื”ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื. ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื“ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืžืจืืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื”, ืœืฉื‘ื™ืจื”, ืœื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืชืกื›ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื—ืžืฆื”.

ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืื•ืžื ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจ

ืคื™ืกื•ืง ื•ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ: ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ื•' ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•' ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆืฃ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช โ€“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ.

ืืœื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื•ืช: (ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขื™ืฆื•ืจ [ืื•ืช] ืื• ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ืชื ื•ืขื” [ื ื™ืงื•ื“], ืื• ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืกืžื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืจื”. ื—ื–ืจื• ื–ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืืคืงื˜ ืฆืœื™ืœื™, ื”ืคื•ื ื” ืืœ ืื•ื–ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื. ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื–ื”, ืžืจืื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืขืค"ื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื”. ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจืช ื‘ืขืœืช ืื•ื–ืŸ ืžื•ืกื™ืงืœื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœื”, ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืขืœื” ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื‘.

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืืœื™ื˜ืจืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจ:

ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช: ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืงื•ื‘ื•ืฅ.

ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™: ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช โ€“ ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืช' ื•ื‘' ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืงื•ื‘ื•ืฅ.

ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ืฉื™: ืžื“ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืงืฆื•ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉื•ืจื•ืง.

ื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ื™ืขื™: ื›ื•ื‘ืข, ืงืฉ, ืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ โ€“ ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉ' ื•ืง' (ื›' ื“ื’ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื›ื•ื‘ืขื ืฉืžื›ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืื•ืช ืง').

ย 

ืื ืืคื•ืจื”: "ืื—ืจ ื›ืš", ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืจืฆืฃ ืขืœื™ืœืชื™, ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืจ. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื ืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืจืฆืฃ ื‘ืฉื™ืจ.

ย 

ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช"

ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช" ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื”ื™ื ืกืžืœื™ืช. ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกืžืœ.

  1. ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช" ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืกื’ืจืช, ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื ื™ืขื” ืœืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ืžื” ืฉืžืชืกื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืขื” ืœืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืชื ื›ืจืช, ื•ืื•ืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืขืฆืžื”.
  2. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืชืืจ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื”, ืื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืœื”ืกืชื’ืœ ืืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืื•ืชื”. ื’ื ืื ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ื›ืš ื ื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืคื•ื— ื”ื—ืจื™ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืžื ื•.
  3. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืคื” ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืžืœื™ื "ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื”" ื™ืฉ ืจืžื– ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื—ื“- ืคืขืžื™ืช, ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืจืžื– ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื”, ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื™ืคื” ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืชื•ืš ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืงื™ืคื•ื— ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื•ื ื™ื.
  4. ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ "ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช" ื’ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ ื ืคืฉื™ ื—ืจื™ืฃ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ืจื•ืข ื˜ืจืื•ืžื˜ื™, ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืชืงืŸ ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช, ืืช ืžื” ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืกื™ื™ืข ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื.

ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžืžืื’ืจ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ื ืœื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืชย ื‘ืืชืจ,ย ืคืจืง ื”ืฉื™ืจื”.

ืžื™ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื” ื–ื• ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืช? ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉืœ ืคื•ืงื•

ืžื™ ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžื” ืžื•ืชืจ ื•ืžื” ืืกื•ืจ? ื•ืžื™ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื” ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื ืื•ืชื”? ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ืฉืœ ืคื•ืงื• ืฆื•ืœืœ ืขื ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”

ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ืš: 10 ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ื–ื

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชื“ืขื• ืื ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ืกื˜? ืขืฉืจื” ื›ืœืœื™ ืืฆื‘ืข ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ืจื˜ื•ืจื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ื–ื

ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื:

ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืฆืžื”: ืœืžื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืžื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื—

ืžื™ืขื”ื ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืžื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ? ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืจืงื™ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื•ืžื ื™ืคื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืš ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื”

ื”ืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืก ืขืœ ืœืžื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืื•ืชื• ื ื”ืจ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ื ืœื ืคืขื ืื—ืช

ืขืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžืชืžื“ืช ื•ืขืœ ืœืžื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืื•ืชื• ื ื”ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืขื ืื—ืช

ื”ืื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืงื•ืžื™ืงืก ื”ื ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•?

ื”ืื ืกื•ืคืจืžืŸ, ื•ื•ื ื“ืจ-ื•ื•ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืื˜ืžืŸ ื”ื ื”ืื›ื™ืœืก, ื”ืจืงื•ืœืก ื•ืื˜ืœืื ื˜ื” ืฉืœื ื•? ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื“ื™.ืกื™ ื•ืžืืจื•ื•ืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•