ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžืืžืจ-ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช \ ื”ื ืจื™ ืื‘ืจืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'

ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžืืžืจ: ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช \ ื”ื ืจื™ ืื‘ืจืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'

ืžืชื•ืš:ย ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืช

ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”

ื”ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื•ืžื™ืฅ ื‘"ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื": ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืžืชื— ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืจืื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื”. ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ื ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœืคื™ื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื ืฉืžื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช , ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืžืชื™ื ื›ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื ืชืคืกืช ื›ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืžื”ืžืชื™ื, ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื”ืžืชื™ื ื ืงื‘ืจื™ื ืงื™ื•ืžื ื ื™ืฉืืจ ื›ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ืžื‘ื•ื:ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื›ืœืคื™ื• ืžืชื™ื• ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืžืคืชื— ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื•.

ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื—ืก ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืชื™ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื. ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื™ืจื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืฆื•ืžืช ืฉืœ ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืชื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืคืขื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื.

ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื“ื” ื”ืžื—ืงืจ:ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงืจ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื• ื‘ื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื‘ืื•ื›'. ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื ื—ืฉื‘ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืœืื’ื•ื“ื” ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช ืื•ืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืŸ, ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ืœื“ืชื™ ื•ื”ื›ืจืกื•ื ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืชย  ื—ืœื” ื”ืจืขื” ื‘ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉืย  ื•ืžื•ื“ื‘ืงืช ืœื”ื ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื›ืจื•ื“ืคื™ ื‘ืฆืข (ื”ื ื ืงืจืื™ื "ืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื")

ื”ื—ื•ืงืจ ืœืงื— ื—ืœืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื›ืฆื•ืคื” ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื“ืขื™ื›ืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืคืจ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื.ย  ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜- ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื. ืžืชื•ืš ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื“ื•ืืœื™ืช ื–ื• ืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ืœื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช: ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืชืคื• ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื˜ืงืกื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื›ืงื•ืœื˜ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ื”ืขื–ื™ื ื”ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืกื™ื™ืขื” ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื‘ืœ ื‘. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื˜ืงืก ื”ื•ืงืคืื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืื‘ืœ ื•ื”ื•ืชื™ืจื” ืื—ืจื™ื” ืžืฉืงืข ืฉืœ ืžืจื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื™- ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ.

ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™:ืžื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ืื‘ืœ ืœ- 4 ืคืจืงื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื›ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ืืžื•ืจ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื’ื” ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืช ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื.

ื. ืื•ื ืŸ- ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืขื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื”, ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืœื ื•ื”ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื”ืื•ื ืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืชโ†ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืกืžืœ ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ื ืŸ ืœืงืจื•ื‘ื• ื”ืžืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžื ื•ืชืงื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื”ื“ืช.

ื‘. ืื‘ืœ โ€“ ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื•ืขื ืชื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืขื”, ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•.

ื’. ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ื•ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช.

ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื ื™ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื”.

ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื•ืช:

ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื˜ืงืก ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืžืœื ืžืกืคืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช:
ื. ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืื‘ืœ– ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืืจื™ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืคื˜ืจ ืขื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ. ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช:
ื. "ืœืงืจื•ืข ืงืจื™ืขื”"- ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื•ืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ืงืจื™ืขืช ื”ืจืงืžื” ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•- ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.

ื‘. ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื˜ืงืก ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื—ืจืก ืขืœ ืžืฉืงื•ืฃ ื”ื“ืœืชโ†ืžื˜ืืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉืœื‘ ืœื™ืžื™ื ืœื™.

ื’. ืืžื™ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉ- ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื˜ืงืก ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืžืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืจื’ืฉื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื•ืœืื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ. ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ื˜ืงืกื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ ื”ืื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืžื›ืจื™ื– ื”ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ืชื• ื‘ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.

ื‘. ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช- ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืื™ื•ื, ื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชย  ื•ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” (ืœื“ื’' ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉื™ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื”) ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื™ื”, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื‘ืขื”.

ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ืืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืช , ืฉืืžืœื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื•ืชื ื‘ืขืฆืžื.

ื’. ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื ื™ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืช ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื- ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื•ืฆืœื— ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ "ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืกืžืœื™" ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืชโ†ืžืขื ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื•ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช (ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื…..)

*ื”ืจืฅ- ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืคื”- ื’ื•ืจืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื”- ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื˜ืงืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ืœื™ืโ†ืจืง ื‘ืชื•ื ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ืœ , ื›ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื™ื™ืจืงื‘ ืขื“ ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช, ืชื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื™ืขื“ื” ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื•ืœื”ื™ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืฆืจื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.

*ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื” ืžื•ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช: ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืช, ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ืžืช ื•ื˜ื”ืจืช ื”ืžืช.

ื’ื•ืคืช ื”ืžืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœื˜ื•ืžืื” ื›ืฉื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืกื•ืคื’ ืืช ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ืžืช ื•ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื”. ืœื›ืŸ, ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื’ื•ืคื” ื ืงื‘ืจืช ื‘ืื“ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืœื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื’ื•ืคื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื˜ืงืก ืฉืœ "ื˜ื”ืจืช ื”ืžืช" ื”ืžื—ื•ืœืง ืœืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื, ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื˜ืงืก ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ื”ื•ืจ. (ืžื™ ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื™ืฉ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืขืž' 562- 563).

*ื—ืจื ื“ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ- ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื”ื ืคื˜ืจ (ืœื ื”ื ืคื˜ืจืช) ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืืช ืื‘ื™ื”ื ืืœ ื”ืงื‘ืจ. ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื–ืขื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืกืจื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื™ืช ืœื•.

ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœืžื ื”ื’- ืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ืฉืžืช ื”ื ืคื˜ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆืืฆืื™ื ืžื”ื•ื” ืื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืžืกืข ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื”, ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกืžืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช , ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘, ืื‘ ืœืฉื“ื™ ื–ืจืข.

ื˜ืงืก ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื•ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื:

ื‘ืจื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื˜ืงืกื™ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื˜ืงืกื™ ื•ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื˜ืงืก ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืขื ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœืžื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช. (ืœื“ื’' ื”ื ื—ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื”). ืื‘ืจืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ืžืกืคืจ ื›ื™ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ื™ืชืงืœ ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ "ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื”" ื”ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื. ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ื ืœื‘ื˜ื ืžืขื˜ ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ื›ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื”.

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื˜ืงืก ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื“ืชื™ ื”ื ืขืจืš ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืœื–ื• ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื” ื”ืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืช , ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืจืื” ื•ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื.ย  ื˜ืงืก ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื ืฉ ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื ื™ืกืชืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจ.ย  ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืž"ื—ื™ื™ื" "ืœืœื ื—ื™ื™ื". ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื›ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื ืฉืœ ืงืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื’ืขื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขื ื”ืžืชื™ื, ื–ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื˜ืžืื” ื”ื˜ืงืกื™ืช.

ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื˜ืงืก ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช, ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื.

ื ื— ืœื ืœื‘ื“: ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช

ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช? ื”ืื ื”ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืชื•ืก ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืžืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ืื™ืจื•ืข ืงื“ื•ื ืื• ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•?

ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืœืงืจืœ ืžืจืงืก ื ื’ื“ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื ื™ื™ืŸ?

"ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื ื›ืกื™ื• ื•ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœ ืขื™ืžื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช"

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ืชื "ื›ื™, ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื•ืกืฆื ื” ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™ืช ืื—ืช ืฉืžื’ืฉืจืช ื‘ื ื™ื”ื

ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชื "ื›ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื• ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืฅ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื”? ืกืฆื ื” ืื—ืช ืžืชื•ืš "ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ" ืฉืœ ื“ืืจืŸ ืืจื•ื ื•ืคืกืงื™ ืžืจืื” ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื.

ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ:

ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืื• ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”: ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืœืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื

ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืงืฉื”? ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื•ื–ืœ? ื›ืžื” ื˜ื™ืคื™ื pro ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.

ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืจืื”:

ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ:

ืžื™ ืืžืจ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื”? ืžื” ืฉื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืœื ืžืกืคืจืช ืขืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ืช

ื”ืื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ืžื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืœืคืจืœืžื ื˜? ื’ืจื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ื ื’ืจื• ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืœื, ื•ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™

ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ:

ืื™ืš ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืขืœ ืฉืื™ืคื” ื›ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขืฆืžื™

ืืชื” ืœื ืžื™ ืฉืืชื”, ืืœื ืžื™ ืฉืืชื” ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืื’ื ืก ืงืœืืจื“ ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืœื ื›ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”, ืืœื ื›ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ