ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืืžืจ – ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ื

ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืฉืœ Bacillus thuringiensis ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืœืื–ื•ืจ ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืชืจ BT-R1 ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืื™ ืฆืžื•ื“-ืžืžื‘ืจื ื” ื‘ Manduca sexta: ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช cadherin ื‘ืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ Bacillus thuringiensis

 

ื’'ื™.ืื™. ื“ื•ืจืฉ (J.A.Dorsch), ื•ืฉื•ืช'

 

ืžื™ืœื•ืช ืžืคืชื—: Bacillus thuringiensis, BT-R1, ืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช (Entomopathogenicity), ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY, ืชืื™ื ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ((Transfected cells, COS-7, cadherin, ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื ืกืžืžื‘ืจื ืœื™ (Transmembrane protein), ืงื•ื˜ืœ-ื—ืจืงื™ื ((Insecticide, Integrin.

 

ืชืงืฆื™ืจ

ืชืชื™-ืžื™ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” Bacillus thuringiensis ืžืคื™ืงื™ื ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืคืจืกืคื•ืจืœื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื™ื (parasporal crystal proteins) ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื’ื ื›ืงืจื™ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ื ((Crytoxins ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ื™ืจืช-ื—ืจืงื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ (midgut) ืฉืœ ื—ืจืงื™ื ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื.

ืื—ื“ ืžืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ย BT-R1(210kDa), ื”ื•ื ืงื“ื”ืจื™ืŸ (cadherin) ื”ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง (tobacco hornworm), Manduca sexta. ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ( 1nM~Kd ) ืœืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืฉืœ B. thuringiensis. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื™ื˜ื•ืข (Truncation analysis) ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื—ืฉืฃ ืฉื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืฉืœ B. thuringiensis ื”ื™ื” ืจืฆืฃ ืฉืœ 169 ื—ื•ืžืฆืช ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืชืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืื™ ืฆืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืžื‘ืจื ื”ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย (membrane-proximal extracellular domain). ื”ืžืงื˜ืข ืงื•ืฉืจ-ื”ืจืขืœืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ืงืง ื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ื ื•ื’ื“ (antagonist) ืœืจืขืœืŸ ย Cry1Abืข"ื™ ื—ืกื™ืžืช ืงืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืจืขืœืŸ ืœืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืง ื•ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ืจืงื™ื. ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืืงืกื•ื’ื ื™ (ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™) ื ืงืฉืจ ืœืชืื™ cos-7 ืฉืœืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ย BT-R1 CDNA, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื’ ืืช ื”ืชื. ื’ื™ื•ืก BT-R1 ื‘ื™ื“ื™ B. thuringiensis ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืช ื”ืงืฉื™ืจื” (cell adhesion molecule) ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื”. ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื”, ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY, ื›ืžื• ืจืขืœื ื™ ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื” ืื—ืจื™ื, ืชื•ืงืคื™ื ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ืืคื™ืชืœื™ื ืข"ื™ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ืจืงื™ื ืžืืจื—ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื. 2002Elsevierยฉ Science Ltd ย ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช.

 

1.ื”ืงื“ืžื”

ืžืื– ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืฉ ย BT-R1, cadherin ื”ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง, Manduca sexta , ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืจืขืœื ื™ย  Cry1A ืฉืœ Bacillus thuringiensis (Vadlamudi et al., 1993, 1995), ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื” ืขื ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื. Cadherins ื–ื•ื”ื• ื‘ื—ืกืจื™-ื—ื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื›ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ ืžื˜ืจื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจืขืœื ื™ CRYย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  (Gahan et al., 2001; Grif๏ฌtts et al., 2001; Nagamatsu et al., 1998, 1999). ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื• ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ืงื•ืคืจื•ื˜ืื™ื ื™ื ื˜ืจื ืก-ืžืžื‘ืจื ืœื™ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™-ืกื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืงืฉืจื™ ื”ืชื-ืชื ื‘ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืจื‘-ืชืื™ื™ื. ื‘ืจืงืžื•ืช ื”ืืคื™ืชืœ cadherins ย ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ืžื—ืกื•ื ืžื’ืŸ. ื”ื ื’ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ืงืฉืจื•ืช (adhesion) ืฉืœ ืชื ืœืชื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” (differentiation) ื•ื—ื‘ื™ืจื” ืข"ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืขื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืขื ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื˜ืจื ืกื“ื•ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืื•ืชื•ืช (signal transduction pathways) ื“ืจืš ื”ectodomain (EC) ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืืชืจื™ื ืฆื™ื˜ื•ืคืœืกืžื™ื (cytoplasmic domain, CYTO) ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”. (Ruoslahti and Obrink, 1996; Nollet et al., 2000; Angst et al., 2001; Takeichi, 1991).

ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื”, cadherins ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื—ืจืงื™ื ืข"ื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ื‘ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ืจืก ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืคื™ืชืœ ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื•ื•ืช. Cadherins ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ืจืงื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ืœืช-ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY (Gahan et al., 2001). ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืœืขืช ื ื™ืฆืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง Heliothis virescens, ืชื•ืœืขืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื—ืœืงืื•ืช, ืœืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื”ืคืจืขื” retrotransposon-mediated ืฉืœ ย ื’ืŸ cadherin ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™, ืžื” ืฉืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉcadherins ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ B. thuringiensis (Gahan et al., 2001). ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”cadherin BT-R1 ื”ื•ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืœืชืื™ ื”ืืคื™ืชืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื—ืœ ืฉืœ M. sexta (Midboe et al., 2001). ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ืื™ื ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ืฉืœื‘ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืจืง ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืœืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ืช ืœืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœย  B. thuringiensis. ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ BT-R1, ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื™ืย  (Vadlamudi et al., 1993; Francis and Bulla, 1997) ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื (Vadlamudi et al., 1993; Francis and Bulla, 1997) ื”ื™ื ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” (Kd~ 1nM) ื•ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœืจืขืœื ื™ย  Cry1A ืฉืœ B. thuringiensis. ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœ BT-R1ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ (recombinant) ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ (Keeton and Bulla, 1997; Meng et al., 2001).

ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”cadherin BT-R1 ื—ืฉืฃ ื›ื™ ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ื™ืฉ EC ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืž12 ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ื (modules) ืฉืœ EC ื•ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืืช ืจืฆืคื™-ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ (recognition sequences) HAV (Blaschuk et al., 1990) ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช RGD (Pierschbacher and Ruoslahti, 1984) ื•LDV (Wayner et al., 1989) ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื™ืช ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืขื ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช cadherin ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•integrin, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”. ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืฉืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื• ืž BT-R1 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื• ื‘ "rabbit reticulocyte lysates" (RRL) ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ื ืงื‘ืขื”. ื”ืžืงื˜ืข ื”ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืง ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ 169 ื—ื•ืžืฆืช ืืžื™ื ื• ืœื-ืกื•ื›ืจื™ืช (nonglycosylated) ืขืœ ื”EC, ืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ืื–ื•ืจ ืงื•ืฉืจ ืจืขืœื ื™ื" โ€“ TBR โ€“ toxic binding region. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ืงื™ื˜ื•ืข (truncation) ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืžื™ืงืžื• ืืช ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ืขืœ EC11 ื•ื—ืฉืคื• ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœืžืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ 67 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR. EC11 ืžืžื•ืงื ื”ืืชืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืื™ ืฆืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืžื‘ืจื ื” (membrane-proximal extracellular domain ) ืฉืœ .BT-R1 ื”TBRื™ื (ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื) ืฉืœ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”cadherin, BtR175 ืž- Bombyx mori (Nagamatsu et al., 1999) ื•BT-R1 ื—ื•ืคืคื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื‘EC ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘80% ืžืจืฆืคื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื•.

ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืชืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืื™ ืฆืžื•ื“-ื”ืžืžื‘ืจื ื” (MPED) ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื›ื ื™ ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ืขื ืคื ื™ ื”ืชืื™ื ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™-ื”ืืžืฆืขื™. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1Ab ื”ืžืจื™ืฆื• ืฆื™ื˜ื•-ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื•ืช (cytotoxicity) ื‘ืชืื™ COS-7 ื•HEK 293 ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืืช BT-R1 ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœื”ื, ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืกืก ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ื™ BT-R1 ืžืชื•ื•ืš ืืช ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื ืขื ื”ืงืฉืจื•ืช ืœืจืขืœื ื™ CRY. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืื›ืœืช ื–ื—ืœื™ M. sexta ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1Ab ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืขืฆื™ืจื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื™ืœืช-ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžื“ื’ื™ื ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืจืขืœืŸ ืœ BT-R1 ื‘ื—ืจืง ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื™ืœืช-ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”TBR ย ื‘ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ BT-R1ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืจืขืœืŸย  ย Cry1Aื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช cadherins ื‘ืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ . B. thuringiensis

2.ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื

 

2.1 ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืงื˜ืขื™ BT-R1 ืฉื‘ื•ืจ, ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื˜ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™.

ื”cDNA ย ื”ืžืงื“ื“ ืืช 1717 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ย BT-R1ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ (Vadlamudi et al., 1995) ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ ( plasmid vector) pBluescript (stratagene- ื’ืŸ-ืจื•ื‘ื“). ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”cDNA ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื”ืชื‘ืงืขื•ืช (cleavage sites) ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ ย ย endonuclease (ืื ื–ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืงืฉืจื™ ื–ืจื—ืŸ ื‘DNA) ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื” cDNA ย ื•ืชืช-ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื• (subcloned) ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื˜ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ pCITE (Novagen) ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืขืชื™ืง-ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืืœ-ืชืื™ืช (cell-free transcriptionโ€“translation system). ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ื–ื™ืžื™ ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ((restriction enzymes ื”ื‘ืื™ื: Bam HI, Eco RV, Hinc II, Sac I , ื•- Sty I.

ื›ืœ DNA ย ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื”ืจื• ืข"ื™ ืกืจื›ื•ื– (ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ืฆื ื˜ืจื™ืคื•ื’ื”) ื›ืœื•ืจ-ืฆืกื™ื•ื ((cesium chloride ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื•ืกื•ื“ืจื• (sequenced) ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืกื’ื ืจ (Sanger) ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ (United States Biochemical Corp.) ืฉื‘ืจื™ ื”DNA ืชืช-ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื• (subcloned) ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ pET-30b (Novagen) ืœืฉื ืชื™ื•ื’ ืคื•ืœื™-ื”ื™ืกื˜ื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืชืื™ .E. coli BL21(DE3)

ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื˜ื™ื”ื•ืจ ื”ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื”ืœืŸ. ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื” ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื•ื’ื•ื“ืœื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ ย 5 ืž"ืœ LBย  ย ย ย medium ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื—ื“ืจ. ืœ-100 ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ LB medium ื”ื•ื›ื ืกื• 2 ืž"ืœ ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื’ื•ื“ืœื• ืœ โ€“ย  OD600nm =ย  0.65. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฉืจื” ืข"ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชืžื™ืกืช 1 M ( ยตl100) ืฉืœ ย isopropyl-ฮฒ-thiogalactoside (IPTG). ื”ืชืžื™ืกื” ื”ืžื•ืกืคืช ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื” ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื—ื“ืจ ืœืžืฉืš 4 ืฉืขื•ืช ื•ืชืื™ E.coli ื ืขืฉื• ื”ื•ืžื’ื ื™ื (homogenized) ืข"ื™ sonication. ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ืขื™-ืชืžื™ืกื” (Soluble expressed proteins) ื ื•ืชื—ื• ืขืœ 8% SDSโ€“PAGE ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื›ืชืžืช (blotting) ื”ื’'ืœ ืœืžืžื‘ืจื ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื•ื™ื ืœ ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืื•ืจื™ื“ ((polyvinyl di๏ฌ‚uoride (PVDF) (Millipore). ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™-ื”ื™ืก (His-tagged) ื˜ื•ื”ืจื• ืขืœ ืขืžื•ื“ืช ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืงืœ (nickel af๏ฌnity column), ืžื•ืœืื• ื•ื”ื•ืคืขืœื• ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืข"ื™ ื ื•ื‘ื’ืŸ (Novagen). ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืจื•ื›ื– ื•ื”ื•ืชืคืœ (desalted) ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ื•ืช ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ Centricon10 (Centricon10 spin columns) (Centricon) ื•ื ื‘ื—ื ื• ื‘ bicinchoninic acid method (Pierce Chemical Co.) ืขื ืกืจื•ื ืืœื‘ื•ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจื™ (ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืจ) (bovine serum albuยญmin) (BSA, fraction V) ื›ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜.

2.2 ื˜ื™ื”ื•ืจ ื• [1]radioiodination ืจืขืœื ื™ื

ืชืžื™ืกืช ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ื Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab ื•- Cry1Acืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ื•ื›ื ื” ืžืชืื™ E.coli ืฉืฉื•ื ื• ืขื ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืช ื’ืŸ ื”CRY ื”ืžืชืื™ื. ื”ืคืจื•-ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคืขืœื• ืขื ืื ื–ื™ื ื˜ืจื™ืคืกื™ืŸ (trypsin) Hofmann et al, 1998)) ื•ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ื˜ื•ื”ืจื• ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ืช ื—ืœื•ืคืช-ืื ื™ื•ืŸ Mono-Q (Mono-Q anion-exchange column) ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช FLPCย  ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ื•-ื˜ืง AP. ืœืจืขืœื ื™ื ื”ื•ื—ื“ืจ ื™ื•ื“ (iondination) ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ (Keeton and Bulla, 1997) ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘- chloramine-T. ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช (10โ€“15 mCi/mg) ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืข"ื™ ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืขืย  ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืืฆื˜ื™ืช ื˜ืจื™-ื›ืœื•ืจื™ื“ื™ืช (trichloroacetic acid) ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ืื˜ื™ื (ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ โ€“ eluates) ืžืขืžื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชืคืœื” ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช (scintillation counting).

2.3 ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ืจื‘-ืžืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื (polyclonal) ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1 ื•TBR

BT-R1 ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื• ืžืฉืœืคื•ื—ื™ืช ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืžื‘ืจื ื” (brush border memยญbrane vesicles โ€“ (BBMV ืฉืœ M. sexta ื•ื˜ื•ื”ืจื• ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ (Vadlamudi et al., 1993). ืขืฉืจื” ย ยตg ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ื• ืขื ืกื™ื™ืข ืคืจื•ื™ื ื“ ืžืœื (Freund s complete adjuvant) ื•ื”ื•ื–ืจืงื• ืชืช-ืขื•ืจื™ืช ืœืืจื ื‘ ื ื™ื•-ื–ื™ืœื ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืŸ (New Zealand white rabbit). ื–ืจื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื” ยตg ื‘ืกื™ื™ืข ืคืจื•ื™ื ื“ ื—ืœืงื™ ื ื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื•ืฉืฉ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืจื™ืงืช ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื ืœืงื— ื“ื ืžื”ืืจื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืกืจื•ื ื ืืกืฃ ืข"ื™ ื”ืงืจืฉื” ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื” ืฆื ื˜ืจื™ืคื•ื’ื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื”. ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ TBR ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ืืจื ื‘ื™ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”ื•ืฉื’ ืžAlphaDiagnostic International (ืกืŸ-ืื ื˜ื•ื ื™ื•).

 

2.4 ื”ื›ื ืช BBMV

BBMV ื”ื•ื›ื ื• ืžื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื—ืจืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจื” ืฉืชื•ืืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืœืคืจืกืคื‘ืจื’ืจ ื•ืฉื•ืช' (Wolfersberger et al) (1987) ื•ืฉื•ืคืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืช' (Keeton et al) (1998).

2.5 ื”ื›ืชืžืช (blotting) Radioligand

ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืจื™ื–ืช ื’'ืœ (Gel electrophoresis) ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืœืืžืœื™ (Laemmli) (1970). ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ (Hofmann et al.,1988a, b). ื‘ืงืฆืจื”, ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื’'ืœื™ SDS ื”ื•ื›ืชืžื• ืœืžืžื‘ืจื ื•ืช PVDF (Millipore) ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžืชืงืŸ ื”ื›ืชืžื” ื™ื‘ืฉ ืœืžื—ืฆื” ((semidry blotting apparatus (Owl Scientific). ื”ืžืžื‘ืจื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืชืžื•ืช ื ื—ืกืžื• ืœืžืฉืš ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื—ื“ืจ ืขื ืชืžื™ืกืช Tris HCl ืžืžื•ืชื ืช (ื‘ื•ืคืจ) (TBS ; pH8.0) ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื” 5% ืื‘ืงืช ื—ืœื‘ ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืœืœื ืฉื•ืžืŸ, 5% ื’ืœื™ืฆืจื•ืœ,ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  0.5% Twenn 20 ื•0.025% ืื–ื™ื“ ื ืชืจืŸ. ื”ืžืžื‘ืจื ื•ืช ืื– ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ืขื ืจืขืœืŸ 125I-Cry1A ~1 nM)) ืœืžืฉืš ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื—ื“ืจ, ื ืฉื˜ืคื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื (30 ื“ืงื•ืช ื›"ื), ืขื ื‘ื•ืคืจ ื—ื•ืกื ื•ื ื—ืฉืคื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืœื™ืœื” ืœืกืจื˜ ืงื•ื“ืืง X-Omat AR ืื•ื˜ื•ืจื“ื™ื•ื’ืคื™ ื‘80 ืžืขืœื•ืช. ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืชื—ื• ื‘ืจื–ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืช Bio-Rad GS525 โ€“ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื™ื” ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ืช.ย  ื›ืžื•ืช ื” 125I- ื‘ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื•ืžืชื” ืขื ืชื•ื›ื ืช Molecular Analyst. ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ืชื—ืจื•ืช (competition inhibition) ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืšย  ย nM1 ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ืžืชื—ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืกืคื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœื‘ื•ืคืจ ื”ื—ื•ืกื ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืžืชื•ื’ื™ื™ื.

2.6 ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืจืขืœื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืืกืื™ ืฉืจื™ื“ื•ืช (survival bioassays) ื—ืจืงื™ื

ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืขืœ ื–ื—ืœื™ื ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ M.sexta ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื›ืžืชื•ืืจย ย ย ย ย  (Wabiko et al.,1985). ื‘ื™ืฆื™ ย Manduca sextaื•ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื ืจื›ืฉื• ืž- Carolina Biologicals. ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ืกืคื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื’ืฉ (24X36 ืก"ืž) ืฉืœ ืชื–ื•ื ืช ืชื•ืœืขืช-ืงืจืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ื‘ 27 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืงืขื• ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื (3~ ื™ืžื™ื). ืขื ื‘ืงื™ืขืชื, ื–ื—ืœื™ื ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžื›ืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”-ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช (bioassay containers)ย  (6ร—6ร—10 ืก"ืž) ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืขื“ 5mm ืขื ืชื–ื•ื ืช ื—ืจืงื™ื ืžืขื•ืงืจืช ืžืจืืฉ. ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab (ืžื•ืคืขืœื™- ื˜ืจื™ืคืกื™ืŸ) ื‘ืžื™ื (0.125 nM) ืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ื• ืขื ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ TBR ืข"ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื” ืขื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื—ื“ืจ. ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ืจืขืœืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ng/cm2 7.5, ืขืจืš ื” ย ย LC50ืฉื‘ื•ืกืก ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืจื•-ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ย  Cry1Ab ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื—ืœื™ื ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ M.sexta (Schesser et al.,1977;Schesser and Bulla,1978). ืœืจืขืœืŸ ื•ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื ื™ืชื ื• ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘, ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืคื•ื–ืจื• ื”ืชืžื™ืกื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉื˜ื— ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื‘ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”-ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉ. ื–ื—ืœื™ื ื™ืœื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื• ืขืœ ืžืฉื˜ื— ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ืฉืœ 10 ืžื›ืœื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื–ื”ื” ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื•ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR. ื”ืžื›ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ื‘27 ืžืขืœื•ืช ื•ืžืกืคืจื™ ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืชื™ื ื ืกืคืจื• ืœืื—ืจ 72 ืฉืขื•ืช. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ื›ืœืœื• ืžื™ื ื•ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ TBR ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•-ืืกืื™ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื•-ืืกืื™ ื ื•ืชื—ื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ืจื’ืจืกื™ื” ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ (logistical regression model) ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” MiniTabย  (ย  MiniTabื‘ืข"ืž).

2.7 ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืคื™ื™ืช ืื•ืจ

ื–ื—ืœื™ M.sexta ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ืื›ืœื• ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ( ng/cm230) ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื” ืขื“ ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื. ืžืขื™ ื’ืก ืžื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืชื— ื‘ 4 ืžืขืœื•ืช. ื”ืจืงืžื•ืช ื ืฉื˜ืคื• ืžื™ื“ ืขื 2% ืคื•ืจืžืœื“ื”ื™ื“ ื• 0.2% glutaraldehyde ื‘ –ย  ย M KPO40.1 (pH 7.2) ื‘4 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืœืžืฉืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช. ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื‘ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉืœ 2 ืž"ืž ื•ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ืœืžืฉืš ืฉืขื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืžื™ืกืช ืงื™ื‘ื•ืข (fixing). ื”ืจืงืžื•ืช ื ืฉื˜ืคื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื›ืœ ืื—ืชย  ื‘ืžืฉืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืคืจ ืคื•ืกืคื˜ ื‘4 ืžืขืœื•ืช. ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื‘ืฉืจืฃ Araldite 502. ื—ืœืงื™ื ื“ืงื™ื ื ื—ืชื›ื• ืข"ื™ ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ืฆืžื“ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ื•ื›ืชืžื• ืขื ืชืžื™ืกืช Na2CO3 ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื” 0.2% Azure B (pH 8.5) ื•ื ื‘ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค ืื•ืจ Leitz.

2.8 ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืงืจืื™ ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื‘ืชืื™ COS-7

ื”cDNA ืœ BT-R1ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ ืœืชื•ืš ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื‘ืขื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื™ (ืžืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื) (mammalian expression vector ) ย pcDNA3.1 (Invitrogen) ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืืชืจื™ ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” restriction sites) )ย  Eco RI ื•- .Not Iื˜ืจื ืกืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืชืื™ COS-7 SV40 ืฉืœ ืงื•ืฃ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ (ATCC CRL-1651) ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืžืงื•ื“ื (Keeton and Bulla,1997) ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืชืื™ ย COS-7 (4×104/well) ื’ื•ื“ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื (cover slips) ืฉืœ 12 ืž"ืž ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื• ื‘ืฆืœื—ืช 24-well ืฉื”ื›ื™ืœื” Dulbecco s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) ืขื10% ืชื•ืกืคืช ืกืจื•ื ืฉื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืžื•ืฉื‘ืช-ื‘ื—ื•ื (FBS). ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงืฆื™ื•ืช (Transfections ) ืขื ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘- LipofectAMIN PLUS ReagentTM (Gibco BRL). ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘37 ืžืขืœื•ืช ื‘DMEM ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ 10% FBSย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  ื‘ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคืจื” ืขื ืœื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ 5% ืคื—ืžืŸ ื“ื•-ื—ืžืฆื ื™. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ BT-R1ย  ืข"ื™ SDSโ€“PAGE ื•ื”ื›ืชืžื”-ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื™ืช (immunoblotting) ืขื ื ืกื™ื•ื‘ ื ื’ื“ (antisera) ื ื•ื’ื“ BT-R1 ืื• ื ื•ื’ื“ Cry1Ab. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืคื ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืื™ COS-7 ืžื”ื•ื ื“ืกื™ื ื–ื•ื”ื• ืขื ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืคื™ื” ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื•-ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช (immunofluorescence) ืขื ื ื•ื’ื ื“ื™ ืื ื˜ื™- BT-R1. ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ืขืœ ืชืื™ื ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื (transfected cells) ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ืขื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื‘ืžืฉืš 2-4 ืฉืขื•ืช. ื”ืชืื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื• ืขื ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืคื™ื” ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื•-ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช ืขื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ ืื ื˜ื™- BT-R1 ื•ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฉืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื• ืขื TRITC (Molecular (Probes.

2.9 ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืคื™ื” ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื•-ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช (immunofluorescence)

ืชืื™ ื” COS-7 ื’ื•ื“ืœื• ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉืœ 12 ืž"ืž ื‘ืฆืœื—ืช 24-well. ื”ืชืื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื• ื•ื”ื•ื›ื ื• (permeabolized ) ื‘ืžืชื ื•ืœ ืงืจ (20- ืžืขืœื•ืช) ืื• paraformaldhyde 4% ืœืžืฉืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘27 ืžืขืœื•ืช. ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื ืฉื˜ืคื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืขื PBS ื•ื ื—ืกืžื• ืœืžืฉืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ืขื 1% BSA ื‘PBSย ย ย ย ย  . ื”ื“ื’ืจื” ืขื ื ื•ื’ื“ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ื‘27 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืœืžืฉืš 30 ื“ืงื•ืช ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื” ืฉื˜ื™ืคื” ื•ื—ืกื™ืžื” ืขื BSA. ื”ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ื–ื•ื”ื• ืขื TRITCย  IgG ืขื™ื–ื™ (ืฉืœ ืขื–) ื ื•ื’ื“-ืืจื ื‘. ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื•ื›ื ื• ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื Fluromount G ื•ื ืฆืคื• ืขื ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค Olympus ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื“ ืขื ืขื“ืฉืช Apochromat X40 ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืื•ืจื” ืืคื™-ืคืœืจื•ืฆื ื˜ื™ืช (epi-fluorescence illumination). ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืขื ืžืฆืœืžืช SPOT ืฉืœ Olympus.

3. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช

 

3.1ย  ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• ื•ืžื‘ื ื” ืžืฉื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ BT-R1

ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืฉื”ื•ืกืง ืžืจืฆืฃ ื”ื ื•ืงืœืื•ื˜ื™ื“ื™ื (GenBankAF319973) ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 1. ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ื”ืืชืจ (domain) ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื, ืžื‘ื ื” ื’ื ื•ืžื™ ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืคื™ืœื•ื’ื ื˜ื™ (phylogenetic) ืฉืœ cadherins ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืข"ื™ ื ื•ืœื˜ ื•ืฉื•ืช' (Nollet et al) (2000). ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืช ื” BT-R1ื”ืžืœืื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืž1717 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื•. ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืืชืจ ื˜ืจื ืกืžืžื‘ืจื ืœื™ (TM) ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ (Putative) (ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ) ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ 25 ืžืฉืงืขื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช-ืืžื™ื ื• ื•EC ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืž12 ื—ื–ืจื•ืช cadherin (ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ EC ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ืข"ื™ ื—ื™ืฆื™ื). ื™ืฉื ื 14 ืจืฆืคื™ื ืงื•ืฉืจื™-ืกื™ื“ืŸ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื (putative) (ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื›ื—ื•ืœื•ืช) ื”ืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ื”EC. ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ื›ืจืช Integrin โ€“ RGD (Pierschbacher and Ruoslahti,1984) ื•LDV (Wayner et al. ,1989 ;Mould et al. ,1990 ;Komoriya et al.,1991) ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘EC2 ื•EC8 (ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ืžื•ืช), ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”. ืฉืชื™ ืจืฆืคื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช cadherin โ€“ HAV (Blaschuk et al.,1990) ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืืช EC5 ื•EC11 (ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช). ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื˜ื•ืกื˜ื•ืœื™ ืžื›ื™ืœ 160 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืจืื” ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื˜ื•-ืคืœืกืžื™ื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคืจ-ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”cadherin. ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœ ื•ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื.

3.2 ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”- TBR ืฉืœ Cry1Ab

ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ-ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืฉืœ Cry1A ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” (truncation peptides) BT-R1 ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืจืขืœืŸ. ืฉื‘ืจื™ cDNA ืงื˜ื•ืข ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื ื•ืฆืจื” ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ืื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ pCITE (Novagen) ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืขืชื™ืง-ืชืจื’ื•ื RRL (RRL-TNT) ื›ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ื—ื•ื™ (fusion peptides). ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 2. ื”ืคื•ืœื™-ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• 1-1528 ืฉืœ ืืงื˜ื•-ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ ((ectodomain BT-R1 (ืชืจืฉื™ืžื™ื 1 ื•2A, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 1) ืžืชืื™ื ืœืคื•ืœื™-ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ย ย  kDa-175 ื•ื ืงืฉืจ ืœืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2B, ื ืชื™ื‘ 1). ืข"ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™-ืื™ื—ื•ื™ ืงื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืฉื ื’ื–ืจื• ืžื”EC ื”ืฉื’ื ื• ืžืงื˜ืข ืคืคื˜ื™ื“MR = 25kDa) ) ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• 1296- 1465 ืฉืœ BT-R1 (ืชืจืฉื™ืžื™ื 1 ื•2A, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 7) ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”TBR (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2B, ื ืชื™ื‘ 7). ืžืงื˜ืขื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2A, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื 3 ื•-6) ื”ื—ืกืจื™ื ืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ 67 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ืœื ื ืงืฉืจื• ืœืจืขืœืŸ ื” Cry1Ab (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2B, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื 3 ื•-6, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”), ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื”ื ืžืฆื, ื‘ื—ืœืงื•, ืขืœ EC11 (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2A) ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืชืจ ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืขืœ ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”RRL-TNT ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืชื•ืฆืจื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืžืžื•ื“ื™ืคื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืกื˜-ืชืจื’ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ((post-translational modifications ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ืœื•ืงื•ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” (glycosylation), ืžื•ื“ื™ืคืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื ืœื•ื•ืช ((side chain modifications ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืจืื•ืช ื›ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืขื ื”ืจืขืœืŸ. ื”ื“ื’ืจื” ืฉืœ ย BBMVืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง ืขื ืื’ืœื•ื˜ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื˜ืŸ ื”ืžืกื™ืจ ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ื ื’ืœื•ืงื•ื–ื™ื™ื ืžื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ืจื” (ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื). ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย Cry1Ab ืœ BT-R1 ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื“ืจืš ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ืช ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ-ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื’ืœื•ืงื•ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.

3.3 ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื˜ื™ื”ื•ืจ ื•ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”TBR ืฉืœ BT-R1

ืฉื‘ืจื™ ื”DNA ื”ืžืงื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ืชืช-ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื• (subcloned) ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ ย pET ย (Novagen) ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื™ื•ื’ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืคื•ืœื™-ื”ื™ืกื˜ื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ E.coli. ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื”ืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื›ืจื•ืžื˜ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ืช ืขืžื•ื“ืช ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช-ื ื™ืงืœ (nickel affinity column chromatography). ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, ื•- Cry1Ac ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™-ืจื“ื™ื• (Radiolabeled) ืฉืœ B.thuringiensis ื ืงืฉืจื• ืœืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”ืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2C, ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื 2,1 ื•3, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”), ืžื” ืฉืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื” TBR (ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• 1296-1465, ืชืจืฉื™ื 2A, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 7) ืฉืœ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื” BT-R1 ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A.

 

ืชืจืฉื™ื 1. ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ BT-R1. ื”cDNA ืœ BT-R1 ื ืืกืฃ ืžื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช RNA ืฉื ืœืงื—ื• ืžืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื–ื—ืœื™ M.sexta. ื”cDNA ย ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ ื•ืจื•ืฆืฃ (sequenced) (AF319973) ื•ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืคื•ืจืฉ ืžืจืฆืฃ ื”ื ื•ืงืœืื•ื˜ื™ื“ื™ื. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืจืฆืฃ ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื ืขืฉื” ืขื ืฉืจืชProfileScan ย ISREC (http://hits.isb-sib.ch/cgi-bin/PFSCAN). ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื”EC ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ (bold) ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื›ืœ ื—ื–ืจืช cadherin ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืข"ื™ ื—ืฅ. ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช TM ื”ืžื•ืกื›ื ืžื•ื‘ืœื˜ื•ืช (underscored) ; ืืชืจื™ื ืงื•ืฉืจื™-ืกื™ื“ืŸ ืžื•ืกื›ืžื™ื ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื—ื•ืœ ; ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ื›ืจืช integrin ื•- cadherin ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื ื•ืื“ื•ื, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”. ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืžืกื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœ ื•ืžื•ื‘ืœื˜ื•ืช.

3.4 ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”TBR ืฉืœ BT-R1

ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ CRY ืœ ย TBRื‘ื•ืฆืข ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงืฉื™ืจืช ligand ืžืขื›ื‘-ืชื—ืจื•ืช (competition inhibition ligand binding analyses). ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืžื™ื•ื“ื“ (ืขื ื™ื•ื“, Iodinated) ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจ ืขื ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืชืžื” ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ (ืชืจืฉื™ื 3(. ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1Ac ย ื•-Cry1Aa ื”ืจืื• ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœTBR (ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื). ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงืฉืจ ืกืงืฆ'ืจื“ (Scatchard plot) (Scatchard,1949) ื—ืฉืฃ ืืชืจ ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื (= 39nM ย .( Kdืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ, ืขืจืš Kd ืฉืœ nM 1 ื‘ื•ืกืก ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื—ืจื•ืช-ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ื•ืช BBMV ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ M.sexta (Vadlamudi et al.,1993). ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืขื ืชืื™ 193HEK ืฉืœืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื cDNA ย ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื‘ื™ืกืกื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืขืจื›ื™ Kd ืฉืœ nM 1.0 ืœืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab (ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื). ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ื”- Kdื”ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸย  ื” BT- R1 ื‘ืื•ืจืš ื”ืžืœื ืœืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื”ื•ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™, ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉ BT-R1ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืžืœื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืžืžื‘ืจื ื” ืืฉืจ ืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืขืจื›ื™ ื”- Kd ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื BT-R1 ื•ื’ื TBR ื”ื™ื ื ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.

ืชืจืฉื™ื 2. ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ BT-R1 ืงื˜ื•ืขื™ื. A: ืžืกืคืจื™ ืžืฉืงืข ื—ื•ืžืฆืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื” BT-R1 ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืžืœื ื•ื•ืจื™ืืฆื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืงืฉืจื• ืœืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ ื‘I125 ืžืื•ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืกื›ืžื˜ื™ืช. ืžืงื˜ืขื™ cDNA ย ย ย ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืงื˜ื•ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื• ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ื›ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื˜ืข 2 (section 2).ย  ืžืงื˜ืขื™ื ืงื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืชืช-ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ืื• ืขื His-tag 6X ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช .RRL-TNT ืžืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ 169 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• (ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 7) ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืช ืžืฉืงืขื™ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• 1296-1465, ืžื›ื™ืœ ืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ 67 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœ EC11 ืฉืœ ื”ืืงื˜ื•ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ (ectodomain) ืฉืœ BT-R1 (ืชืจืฉื™ื 8). B: ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ BT-R1. ื ืชื™ื‘ (lane) 1, EC (ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 1) ; ื ืชื™ื‘ 2, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 2 ; ื ืชื™ื‘ 3, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 3 ; ื ืชื™ื‘ 4, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 4 ; ื ืชื™ื‘ 5, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 5 ; ื ืชื™ื‘ 6, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 6 ; ื ืชื™ื‘ 7, ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 7 (TBR). C: ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ ย Cry1Aa(ื ืชื™ื‘ 1), Cry1Ab (ื ืชื™ื‘ 2) ื• Cry1Ac(ื ืชื™ื‘ 3) ืœืคืคื˜ื™ื“ TBR 25- kDa ืจืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™.

3.5 ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ื”ืงืฉืจื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœBBMV ืขื ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1

ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื›ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ BT-R1 ื•TBR ื›ืžืชื—ืจื™ื ืœืงืฉื™ืจืช ย Cry1AbืœBBMV ย ืฉืœ M.sexta. ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื ื•ื’ื“- BT-R1ื‘ืœื ืืช ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab-125I ืœBBMV ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืชืœื•ื™-ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœืกืจื•ื ื˜ืจื•ื-ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื™ (pre-immune) ืžืื•ืชื• ืืจื ื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื” (ืชืจืฉื™ื 4). ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื ืฆืคื• ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื ื•ื’ื“-TBR (ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื). ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืขื™ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ื”ืจื‘-ืžืฉื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื (polyclonal) ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1 ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ TBR ื”ื™ื ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘BBMV ืฉืœ M.sexta ื•ืœืืชืจ ื”ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœย  BT-R1, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”. ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ืืœื• ืขื ื”ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืขื ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ื”ืงืฉืจื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ ืœBBMV. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื™ BT-R1 ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืชืจ ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืœืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง ื•ืฉืืชืจ ื”ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืš TBR.

3.6 ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ืœืช-ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืข"ื™ ื”TBR ืฉืœ BT-R1

ื‘ื™ื•-ืืกืื™ (bioassay) ื—ืจืงื™ื ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืขื ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื›ืžืชื ื’ื“ (antagonist) ืœืจืขืœืŸ ื”-Cry1Ab ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื, ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื™ืœืช-ื—ืจืงื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ. ืจืขืœืŸ ื”- Cry1Ab ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ nM 0.125 (ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ LC50) ืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ TBR. ืœืชืขืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ (equilibrium) ื•ื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืžืื›ืœ ื–ื—ืœื™ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง ืฉื ื•ื˜ืจื• ื‘ืžืฉืš 72 ืฉืขื•ืช. ืฉืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ืจืงื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืช 85% ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– TBR ืฉืœ 150 nM (ืคื™ 1200 ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืœืจืขืœืŸ) ื•ืขืœื” ืœ100% ื‘ 750 nM(ืคื™ 6000 ืขื•ื“ืฃ). ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•-ืืกืื™ ืžืจืื•ืช ืฉืงืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืจืขืœืŸ CRY ืœ BT-R1 ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืจืง ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR, ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1Ab ื”ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื ื—ืกืžื™ื ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ืœืช-ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืขืœืŸ ื ืžื ืขืช. ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ื 3 ื• 6 (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2A) ื”ื—ืกืจื™ื ืืช ืจืฆืฃ 67 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR, ืœื ื‘ืœืžื• ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื™ืœืช-ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœ Cry1Ab (ืชืจืฉื™ื 5).

 

 

ืชืจืฉื™ื 3 ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœTBR. ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื•ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ CRY ื”ื ืงืฉืจ ืœTBR ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืข"ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืขืœืŸย  Cry1Ab ืžื™ื•ื“ื“ (ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื“) ื”ื ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืคื˜ื™ื“ TBR ืžื•ื›ืชื ืขืœ ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืžืžื‘ืจื ืช ื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ. ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’- ืจื“ื™ื• (radiolabeled) ื ืงื‘ืขื” ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’. ืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืŸ (dissociation constant)ย  ย Kd= 39nM) ) ืœืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ ื‘ื•ืกืก ืข"ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงืฉืจ ืกืงืฆ'ืจื“ (scatchard plot analysis) (1949).

3.7 ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Abื‘ื–ื—ืœื™ M.sexta.

ืขื ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื—ืจืง ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง ืจืขืœืŸ ื”CRY ืฉืœ B.thuringiensis ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช (disruption) ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื•ืœืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื—ืœ. ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ ืขืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 6. ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง (ืชืจืฉื™ื 6A) ืžืจื•ืคื“ ื‘ืชืื™ ืืคื™ืชืœ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื™ื (columnar) (CC) ืฉืงืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช microvillae (MV) ื•ืชืื™ ื’ื‘ื™ืข (goblet) (GC) ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ. ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab (ืชืจืฉื™ื 6B) ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื”CC, ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืœื”ืชื ืคื— ื•ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”MV ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืขื” ืœืžืŸ ื”ื”ืจืขืœื”. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื’ืจืžื• ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžืžื‘ืจื ืช CC ื•ื”ืจืก ืจืงืžืช ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื›ื•ืœื•. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืชืื™ ื”GC ื ืจืื• ื›ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ืžื”ืจืขืœืŸ. ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืขืœ ื–ื—ืœ ืฉืœื (ืชืจืฉื™ื 6C) ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืกืงืช ืื›ื™ืœื”, ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืฆื‘ืข (melanization) ื•ืžื•ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืžื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ื“ื (sepsis). ื”ื–ื—ืœ ื”ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื•ืฉืžืจ ืขืœ ืฆื‘ืขื• ื”ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ื”ื™ืจ.

ืชืจืฉื™ื 4 ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ย  Cry1Ab ืœBBMV ืฉืœ M.sexta ืขื ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื ื•ื’ื“ BT-R1 . BBMV (ยตg10) ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ืขื ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab-125I ( 0.32 nM) ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืื• ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื ื•ื’ื“ BT-R1 (ืขืžื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื”ื•ืช) ืื• ืกืจื•ื ื˜ืจื•ื-ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื™ (pre-immune) (ืขืžื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืกืคืกื•ืช). ืงืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ื ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ืชื—ื•ื ืจื“ื™ื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ยตM 1 ืจืขืœืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’. ื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื.

ืชืจืฉื™ื 5. ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ืœืช-ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœย  Cry1Ab ืข"ื™ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR. ืคืขื•ืœื” ืื ื˜ื’ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ืœืช-ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸย  Cry1Ab ื ืงื‘ืขื” ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื•-ืืกืื™ ืฉืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ืจืงื™ื (insect survival bioassay) (ืจืื” ื—ืœืง 2). ื–ื—ืœื™ื ืฉืœย  M.sexta ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ื ื”ื•ื–ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1A ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ LC50 (7.5 ng/cm2) ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื” TBR (ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื) ื•ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ื™ 3 ื• 6 (ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื) (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2A). ื”ื–ื—ืœื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืจื• ืœืžืฉืš 72 ืฉืขื•ืช ื•ืชืžื•ืชืช ื—ืจืงื™ื ืชื•ืขื“ื”. ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืขื ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช: 0.0004= standard error (ื˜ืขื•ืช ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ืช), odds ratio=1.00 (ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช), for intercept=6.48 X2 (X 2 ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืžื”),coefficient=6.31 ย X2 for X1 (X2 ืœืžืงื“ื X1).

3.8 ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช Cry1Ab ืœืชืื™ COS- 7 ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื (transfected) cDNA ย ืฉืœ BT-R1

ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืกืก ืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ BT-R1 ื•ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืชืื™ื ((cytotoxicity ืฉืœ Cry1Abื”ืขืจื›ื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืขืœ ืชืื™ COS-7 ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื BT-R1 . ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ BT-R1 ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ืชืื™ COS-7 ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœืชืื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ื•ืฆื’ื• ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืข"ื™ ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืคืงื•ืคื™ื™ืช ืื™ืžื™ื ื•-ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช ืขื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช (ืชืจืฉื™ื 7). ืชืื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคื ืœื™ื (panels) ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื ื•ื’ื“- BT-R1. ืชืื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืคื ืœ A (ืชืจืฉื™ื 7) ืœืœื ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื•ืขื ืจืขืœืŸ ื‘ืคื ืœ B. ืชื™ื•ื’ ืจืงืข (background labeling) ื ืฆืคื” ื‘ืชืื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ืคืœื• ืขื ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื BT-R1. ืชืื™ื ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืขื cDNA ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืœืœื ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืคื ืœ D ื•ืขื ืจืขืœืŸ ื‘ืคื ืœ E ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืคื ืœ F ืœืื—ืจ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคื ืœ D, ืชืื™ื ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื’ื•ย ย ย  BT-R1 ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab (ืคื ืœื™ื E ื•-F) ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืฉืœืžื•ืชื ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ืช. ืชืื™ ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงืฆื™ื” (mock-transfected cells) ืฉื”ื›ื™ืœื• ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ ย ย ย ย ย ย  pcDNA3.1 ื”ืจืื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ (ืชืจืฉื™ื 7, ืคื ืœ C). ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืฆื’ืช BT-R1 ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืชื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” 80% ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืข"ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืื™ื ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื‘100 ืฉื“ื•ืช ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืคื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืฆืคื• ื‘ืชืื™ ื”ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืขื BT-R1 (ืคื ืœื™ื E ื•-F) ืืจืขื• ืœืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืจืขืœืŸ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืžืชื•. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืื™ ื›ืœื™ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื (HEK 293) ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืขื cDNA ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื”ื•ื“ื’ืจื• ืขื ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab (ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื). ื›ืฉื ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื™ย  BT-R1 ืžืชื•ื•ืš ื‘ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช-ืœืชืื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™-ืชืœื•ื™-ืชื (cell-independent manner) ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืกืง ืžื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื—ื“ืจ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœCOS โ€“ 7 ื”ื”ื˜ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ (heterologus) ื•ืชืื™ HEK 293 ย ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื BT-R1.

4.ื“ื™ื•ืŸ

ืžื˜ืจื” ื ื—ืฉืงืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื“ื‘ื™ืจื™-ื—ืจืงื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ B.thuringiensis ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืžื“ื‘ื™ืจื™-ื—ืจืงื™ื ื›ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ-ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ ืจืขืœืŸ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ื˜ืœื™-ื—ืจืงื™ื ืขื ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ืจืงื™ ื”ืžื˜ืจื”. ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืžืขื˜ ืจืื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืขืœื ื™ CRY ื•ื”ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช CRY ืœื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื ืื•ืกืžื•ื˜ื™ื™ื (ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืžื•ื–ื”, (osmotic effects, ืฉืœื™ืœืช ืงื•ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืช ((depolarization ื•ื”ืจืก ืชืื™ ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืจืขืœืŸ ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืกื™ืกื•ืช, ื”ืชืืžื”, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ืชืคื•ืงื” ย (yield) ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ืคื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืกื˜-ืชืจื’ื•ืžื™ื•ืช (post-translational modifications) ื”ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ ืจืขืœืŸ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ื‘ื”ืจืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ื•ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ ื”cadherin ืœืจืขืœืŸ Cry1A, BT-R1, ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ B.thuringiensisื•ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืžื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืชืื™ื ื ืฉืื™ื.

Cadherins ื”ื™ื ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืชื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืจืงืžื” ื‘ืืจื’ื ื™ืžื™ื ืจื‘-ืชืื™ื™ืย  (Nollet et al.,2000;Angst et al.,2001).ย  BT-R1 ื”ื•ื cadherin ืืคื™ืชืœื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ื—ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืœืขืช ืงืจืŸ-ื”ื˜ื‘ืง M.sexta. ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ cadherin ืืคื™ืชืœ ืฉืœ ื—ืกืจื™-ื—ื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ. B.thuringiensis ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ BT-R1 ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืงืœืื•ื˜ื™ื“ (GenBank AF319973) ื•ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžื•ืกืง ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 8.ย  ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉืจืช ISREC ProfileScan (http://hits.isb-sib.ch/cgi-bin/PFSCAN). ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 8 BT-R1 ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืืจื‘ืขื” ืืชืจื™ื ((domains: (i) EC; (ii) MPED ; (iii) TM ื•- (iv) CYTO.ย  ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ืจืฆืฃ ืื•ืชื•ืช ืžืžื‘ืจื ื” ((putative membrane signal sequence, ื”EC ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžื—ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ 12 cadherins ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ฮฒ (ฮฒ-sheets) ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ EC (EC1 ื“ืจืš EC12). ื”EC ย ืžื›ื™ืœ ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช-ืชืื™ื (cell-adhesion sequences) ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื: HAV (Hisโ€“Alaโ€“Val), ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”-cadherins (Blaschuk et al.,1990) ื•ืจืฆืฃ ืงืฉื™ืจืช integrin ย ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ RGD ((Argโ€“Glyโ€“Asp) ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืžืฆื ื‘fibronectin (Ruoslahti and Obrink,1996 ;Yamada and Kennedy,1984 ;Pierschbacher and Ruoslahti,1987 ;D Souza et al.,1988 ;Ruoslahti,1996).


ืœ- EC ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ LDV ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฉื ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ integrin ืขื ื”ืืชืจ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื” ื”ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ (alternatively spliced domain) ืฉืœ fibronectin (Wayner et al.,1989 ;Mould et al.,1990 ;Komoriya et al.,1991 ;Tselepis et al.,1997). ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฆืฃ ืขืœ BT-R1 ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจื• integrin ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืืœ-integrin (disintegrin) ืฉืœ BT-R1.ย  ืื•ืœื, ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืจืฆืฃ ืžื“ื‘ื™ืง ((adhesive sequence motifs ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”, ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื™ื ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืช ื”ื“ื‘ืงืช-ืชืื™ื, ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉ ย BT-R1ย ย ย ย ย ย  ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื˜ื— ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืงื” ื”ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ืœื™ (heterophilic) ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช cadherin ืื—ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื’ื integrin. ืื™ืŸ ืจืฆืคื™ ื‘ืจื™-ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”CYTO ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉ BT-R1ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  ื‘ื ื‘ืงืฉืจื™-ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืขื ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ืš-ืชืื™ื™ื (intracellular) ื›ื’ื•ืŸ catenins (Nathke et al. ,1994).

ืชืจืฉื™ื 7. ืจืขื™ืœื•ืช Cry1A ืœืชืื™ COS-7 ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืขื cDNA ืฉืœ BT-R1. cDNA ย ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืžืœื ื”ืžืงื“ื“ ืืช BT-R1 ืฉื•ื‘ื˜ ืœืชื•ืš ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื™ (ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืง)ย  pcDNA3.1 (Invitrogen) ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื‘ืชืื™ COS-7 SV40 ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืฃ ืืคืจื™ืงื ื™ ื™ืจื•ืง. ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ย ยตg/ml0.6 ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ืš ื”ืชืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืžื™ื•ื ื•ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ (immunohistologically) ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืงืคื™ื” ืืคื™-ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช ((epifluorescence microscopy ืฉืœ ืชืื™ BT-R1 ืœื-ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื, ื—ื™ืงื•ื™-ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงืฆื™ื” (mock-transfected) ื•ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื. ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคืงื• ืขื ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื•ืก ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืขื“ืฉืช Apochromat X40 ื•ืžืฆืœืžืช ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื•ืก SPOT ืชื—ืช ืชืื•ืจื” ืืคื™-ืคืœื•ืจืฆื ื˜ื™ืช. ืคื ืœื™ื A ื•-B: ืชืื™ื ืœื ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1 (ืคื ืœ A) ื•ืฉื˜ื•ืคืœื• ืขื ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ื•ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1 (ืคื ืœ B). ืคื ืœ C: ืชืื™ ื—ื™ืงื•ื™-ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงืฆื™ื” ื”ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ pcDNA3.1 ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ ืจืขืœืŸย  ย Cry1Abื•ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ BT-R1 (ืคื ืœ D) ืขืœ ืชืื™ื ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืขื cDNA ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืžื–ื•ื”ื™ื ืข"ื™ ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1 ืžื•ืฆื’ ืข"ื™ ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™-TRITC. ืคื ืœื™ืค E ื•-F: ืชืื™ื ื˜ืจื ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืขื cDNA ืฉืœ BT-R1 ื ื—ืฉืคื• ืœืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœืžืฉืš ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื (ืคื ืœ E) ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช (ืคื ืœ F) ื•ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืื ื˜ื™-ืกืจื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ BT-R1.

ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ืืชืจ ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 8 ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืงืžื” (Midboe et al.,2001), ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืงืช (adhesion) ืชื-ืชื ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืจืง. ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืกืคืง, ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืขื integrins, cadherins ย ืื—ืจื™ื ืื• ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช (attachment) ืชืื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ื™ื ื ืืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืงื™ืจื” ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช.

ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืฉืœ B.thuringiensis ืžื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืช ื”ื“ื‘ืงืช-ืชื (cell adhesion molecule) ื›ืžื• BT-R1 ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ื•ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ื”ื—ืจืง ื”ื ืฉื. ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ M.sexta (ืชืจืฉื™ื 6) ืžืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”CC ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ืคื— ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืจืขืœืŸ ย ย Cry1Ab, ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื” ืžื™ืงืจื•ื•ื™ืœื™ (microvillar) ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆื™ื ื•ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื—ืœืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืœื• ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขื” (Vadlamudi et al.,1995) ืฉืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื•ื›ืช ืข"ื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1Ab ืœ BT-R1ืขืœ ืชืื™ ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ M.sexta. ื”ืžื›ื ื™ื–ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืจืขืœื”, ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ BT-R1, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชื-ืชื ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช (adhesion) ืฉืœ ืชืื™ื. ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืงืฉื™ืจืช ื”ืจืขืœืŸ ืœ BT-R1ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืกื ืข"ื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื˜ื’ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ TBR, ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ืกืก ืืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื›ื™ ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ ืœืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™, BT-R1.

ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื• (Keeton et al.,1998) ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืจืขืœื ื™ ,Cry1Aa Cry1Abย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  ื•-Cry1Ac ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื•ืขื ืืคื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœ. BT-R1 ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ ืืจืขื” ืขืœ TBR, ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• 1296 ื•- 1465 (ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 6, ืชืจืฉื™ื 2(. ืข"ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืฆื’ืช ืคืื’ (phage display) ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ื’ื•ืžื– ื•ืฉื•ืช' (Goยดmez et al) (2001) ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• (RITQTTNR) ืขื 71% ื“ื™ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืœืื–ื•ืจ (ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื• 873-880) ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ 3 (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2) ืžื” ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืจืขืœืŸ-ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืขืจื‘ ืžืกืคืจ ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื (structural (determinants ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช. ืฉื•ื ื—ืœืง ืฉืœ ืคืคื˜ื™ื“ ื”TBR ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืžื•ืœื•ื’ื™ (ื–ื”ื”) ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืฆืฃ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉื“ื•ื•ื— ืข"ื™ ื’ื•ืžื– ื•ืฉื•ืช' (2001) ืืคื™ื˜ื•ื“ (epitope) ืงื•ืฉืจ ืจืขืœืŸ CRY ื‘- BT-R1 ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ (truncation) ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืœื ื—ืฉืฃ ื›ืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ืช ืจืขืœืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”EC ย ย ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืฉืœ TBR (ืชืจืฉื™ื 2). ืจืฆืฃ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• (,Goยดmez et al2001) ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจ ื‘TBR 284 ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืฉืœ BtR175 ืž B.mori (Nagamatsu et al.,1999).

ืชืจืฉื™ื 8. ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ื ื” BT-R1. ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”cadherin BT-R1 ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืจื’ื•ืŸ-ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืืชืจ (domain organization) ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจ-ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื .cadherin BT-R1 ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืžืืจื‘ืข ืืชืจื™ื: (i) EC, (ii) MPED, (iii) TM ื•-(iv) CYTO. ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ืจืฆืฃ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืžื‘ืจื ื” ื”ืžื•ืกื›ื, ื”ectodomain ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืž12 ื—ื–ืจื•ืช cadherin ืฉืžื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื“ื•ืœื™ EC (EC11 ืขื“ EC12). ื”EC ืžื›ื™ืœ ื–ื•ื’ ืจืฆืคื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืงืช-ืชื (cell-adhesion), HAV (Hisโ€“Alaโ€“Val), ื”ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”cadherins ื•ืฉื ื™ ืจืฆืคื™ ืงืฉื™ืจืช-integrin, RGDย ย ย  (Argโ€“Glyโ€“Asp) ื•LDV (Leuโ€“Aspโ€“Val). ืื–ื•ืจ ืงืฉืจื™ืช ืจืขืœืŸ Cry1A ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื” EC11 ืฉืงืจื•ื‘ ืœMPED.

(4- ื”ืžืฉืš)

ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœืŸ CRY ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœMPED ืฉืœ BT-R1 ืืš ืœื ื—ืคืฃ ืขื ืื• ืจืฆืฃ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื›ืจืช ื”cadherin ื”ืžื•ืกื›ื (HAV) ืื• ืขื ืฉืชื™ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ืงื•ืฉืจื™ integrin (RGD ื•LDV). ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืžื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ื” ื•ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืฉ BT-R1ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืคื ื™-ืชื ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช, ืงืฉื™ืจืช ืจืขืœื ื™ ย Cry1A ืœ MPEDืขืœ BT-R1 ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื” ืœืžืงื ืืช ื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืžืžื‘ืจื ื•ืช ืชืื™ ืืคื™ืชืœ ืขื™ืžื ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช (Promdonkoy and Ellar,2000). ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืจืขืœื ื™ Cry1A ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืชื-ืชื ื•ืชื-ืžื˜ืจื™ืงืก ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื ืฉื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืœืจืขืœืŸ. Clostridium perfringens, ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื™ืช ื ื‘ื’ ื’ืจื-ืคื•ื–ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ (spore-forming gram-positive bacterium) ื ื•ืกืคืช ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ืช ืœืื“ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ืฉืื™-ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืขื ืจืขืœื ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืงืคื™ื claudins ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืงื™ื (tight junctions) ื‘ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื (Sonoda et al. ,1999 ;McClane ,2000). Bacteroides fragilis, ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืฉืœืฉื•ืœ, ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื ื˜ืจื•ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ืŸ (ืจืขืœืŸ ืจื™ืจื™ืช ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื) ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืงืข ืืช ื”ย  ย E-cadherin ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคื™ืชืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื (Wu et al . ,1998). E.coli ืื ื˜ืจื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ (Enteropathogenic) ืžืฉืกืข ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืงื™ื ืข"ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืก, ezrin, ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืงืฉืจ (linker protein) ืžืžื‘ืจื ื”-ืฉืœื“ ื”ืชื (cytoskeleton) ื‘ืžืืจื— ืฉืœื• (Simonovic et al.,2001). ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, Listeria monocytogenes, ืขื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื’ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื-ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื—ื•ืฆื” ืืช ืžื—ืกื•ื ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื ืข"ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”E-cadherin ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ื— ืชื ืืคื™ืชืœ, ืžืงื“ื ืืช ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืืœ ื”ืชืื™ื ื ืฉืื™ื (Cossart and Lecuit,1998 ;Lecuit et al.,2001). ืจืขืœืŸ Zonula occludens (Zot) ื”ืžื•ืคืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ Vibrio cholerae ืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืข"ื™ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื”ื“ื•ืงื™ื (tight junctions) ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืชืื™ื™ื (DiPierro et al) (2001). ื˜ื™ื•ื•ื— cadherins ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื ื•ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืชืื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื‘ืฉื•ืช ืื• ืžืชื—ืžืงื•ืช ืžืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ ืืคื™ืชืœื™ื ื‘ื ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ. ืœืœื ืกืคืง, ื”ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ B.thuringiensis ื—ื•ืœืงืช ืžื›ื ื™ื–ื(ื™ื) ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืขื ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ืืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ืจืงืžื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื. ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช (open reading frames) (ORFs) ื‘ืคืœืกืžื™ื“ ื”ืืจืก pXO1 ย ืฉืœ- B.anthracis ืžืจืื™ื 80% ื•98% ื“ื™ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ Bacillus, ื›ื•ืœืœ B.cereus ื•- B.thuringiensis (Pannucci et al.,2002). ืื•ืœื, ืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื™ืฉื ื ืžื›ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ B.thuringiensis, B.anthracis ื•- B.cereus, ืฉืœื”ื ื“ืจื’ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ืจื‘ื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช (Helgason et al.,2000) ื•ืฉื”ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ ืคื ื™ ื”ืชื (Brossier et al.,2000 ;Hardy et al.,2001 ;Baillie and Read ,2001;Bradley et al.,2001). ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืก BT-R1 ื‘ื™ื“ื™ B.thuringiensis ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื ืฉื ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ืช ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ืืœื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืงื•-ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืจืงื™ื ื•ืื ื˜ื•ืžื•ืคืชื•ื’ื ื™ื.


[1] ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืจื“ื™ื•-ื ื•ืงืœื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื“ ืœืชื•ืš ื—ื•ืžืจ.

ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก: ื”ืžื•ืจื“ ื‘ืืœื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืื•ืจ ืœืื“ื

ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก, ืžื™ ืฉื™ื“ืข ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืจืืฉ ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ื•ืจืื™ ืจืง ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืืช ืžืชื ืช ื”ืืฉ ื•ื”ืื•ืจ

ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืœื ื”ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืขืฆืžื”: ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืื•ืœ ื˜ื™ืœื™ืš

ืคืื•ืœ ื˜ื™ืœื™ืš (1886โ€“1965), ืชื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ ื•ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ ื’ืจืžื ื™-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™, ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”-20 ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ืช. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืชื• ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื›"ื™ืกื•ื“

ื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช: ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช

ื›ืžื” ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช, ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืื• ื”ื™ื•ื• ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื”ืŸ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช.

5 ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืื™ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•

ื”ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื‘ืœื•ื‘, ื”ืงื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืœื•, ื”ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืฉ, ื”ื›ืœื ืฉืœ ื–ื™ืžื‘ืจื“ื• ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื’ืจื – ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”

ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื:

ืื™ืš ื’ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ืžืจื•ืก ืืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืคื’ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืื•ื“ื™ืกืื•ืก ืขื ื”ืกื™ืจื ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื—

ื—ื ื” ืืจื ื“ื˜ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื•ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื’ืฉื’

ื”ืื ืจืง ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœืจื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื• ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืœื• ืฉืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื”ื? ื—ื ื” ืืจื ื“ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืข

ืฉืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื›ื•ื—

ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื— ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื”ืจืกื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื” ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื›ื•ื—.